MARS
The Red Planet
Overview
Mars, the fourth planet from the Sun, has captivated human imagination for centuries with its rusty red appearance and potential for harboring life. Named after the Roman god of war, Mars presents a fascinating world of extremes—with the solar system's largest volcano and deepest canyon.
This terrestrial planet has surface features reminiscent of both Earth and the Moon, including valleys, deserts, and polar ice caps. Mars' thin atmosphere and cold temperatures create an environment that is harsh yet potentially habitable with future human intervention.
The planet's reddish hue comes from iron oxide (rust) in its soil, giving it the nickname "the Red Planet." Mars has seasons, weather patterns, and even dust storms that can engulf the entire planet, lasting for months.
Mass
6.39 × 10²³ kg
About one-tenth the mass of Earth
Diameter
6,779 km
About half the size of Earth
Distance from Sun
227.9 million km
Average distance in its elliptical orbit
Day Length
24.6 Earth hours
Similar to Earth's day length
Year Length
687 Earth days
One orbit around the Sun
Moons
2 (Phobos & Deimos)
Natural satellites